ANALISIS CEMARAN LOGAM BERAT DALAM TANAMAN OBAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETER SERAPAN ATOM : STUDI KASUS EXT. CURCUMA XANTH DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI JAKARTA

By iqbal000022@gmail.com

ABSTRAK Kawasan industri merupakan wilayah terpusat untuk memusatkan industri. Indus-trialisasi yang berkembang berbanding lurus dengan banyaknya limbah yang dihasilkan. Limbah yang dihasilkan beragam, seperti limbah cair B3. Limbah cair B3 yang dihasilkanberupa logam berat seperti arsen, merkuri dan kadmium karena penggunaan logam beratdalam beberapa industri sebagai bahan pokok. Ketiga jenis logam ini memilki sifat yangsama yaitu mudah larut dalam air dan teserap ke dalam tanah. Logam berat di dalam tanahakan terakumulasi oleh tanaman dan mencemari tanaman tersebut. Tujuan penelitian iniadalah untuk mengetahui berapa kandungna logam berat pada tanaman Curcuma Xanth. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksperimental dengan instrumen Spektrofotome-ter Serapan Atom. Data yang dihasilkan berupa konsentrasi logam berat. Hasil analisiscemaran logam berat pada tanah tempat tumbuh tanaman obat Curcuma Xanth yaitu kadarArsen 36,3384 ppm; Merkuri 26,8066 ppm dan Kadmium 76,5917 ppm. Hasil analisiscemaran logam berat pada sampel Curcuma Xanth 1 yang tumbuh disekitar kawasan in-dustri, didapatkan hasil yaitu Arsen 61,6756 ppm; Merkuri 27,1925 ppm dan Kadmium67,4530 ppm. Hasil analisis cemaran logam berat pada sampel Curcuma Xanth yang tum-buh disekitaran rumah warga, didapatkan hasil yaitu tidak tercemar logam berat Arsen,Merkuri dan Kadmium. Berdasarkan hasil analisis cemaran logam berat dalam tanamanobat Curcuma Xanth, dapat di identifikasi bahwa tanaman obat Curcuma Xanth yangditanam di kawasan industri JIEP Pulogadung tercemar oleh logam berat Arsen, Merkuridan Kadmium. Kandungan logam berat pada sampel tanah masih memenuhi standar bakumutu. Kandungan logam berat pada sampel tanaman obat Curcuma Xanthorriza 1melebihi batas standar baku mutuKata Kunci : Curcuma Xanth, Industrialisasi, Limbah, Logam Berat, Tanah.  Abstract Industrial estates are centralized areas to concentrate industry. Growing industri-alization is directly proportional to the amount of waste produced. The waste produced varies, such as B3 liquid waste. B3 liquid waste produced in the form of heavy metalssuch as arsenic, mercury and cadmium due to the use of heavy metals in some industriesas staples. These three types of metals have the same properties, which are easily solublein water and absorbed into the soil. Heavy metals in the soil will accumulate by plantsand contaminate these plants. The purpose of this study was to determine how much heavymetal content in Curcuma Xanth plants. The research method used is experimental withthe Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer instrument. The resulting data is in the formof heavy metal concentrations. The results of heavy metal contamination analysis on thesoil where Curcuma Xanth medicinal plants grow, namely Arsenic levels of 36.3384 ppm; Mercury 26.8066 ppm and Cadmium 76.5917 ppm. The results of heavy metal contami-nation analysis on Curcuma Xanth 1 samples growing around industrial areas, obtained results of Arsenic 61.6756 ppm; Mercury 27.1925 ppm and Cadmium 67.4530 ppm. Theresults of heavy metal contamination analysis on Curcuma Xanth samples that growaround residents' homes, obtained results that are not contaminated with heavy metals Arsenic, Mercury and Cadmium. Based on the results of heavy metal contamination anal-ysis in Curcuma Xanth medicinal plants, it can be identified that Curcuma Xanth medic-inal plants planted in the JIEP Pulogadung industrial area are polluted by heavy metals Arsenic, Mercury and Cadmium. The heavy metal content in soil samples still meets qual-ity standards. The heavy metal content in Curcuma Xanthorriza 1 medicinal plant sam-ples exceeds the limit of quality standards Keywords: Curcuma Xanth, Industrialization, Waste, Heavy Metals, Soil.

ANALISIS “WATER BALANCE” BERDASARKAN GEMI (GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE) DI PT X

By wildanmuh1996@gmail.com

ABSTRAKKetergantungan industri pada air bersih merupakan salah satu kendala yangdihadapi saat ini. Industri saat ini sangat berbeda dengan lima tahun lalu. Melaluisemua perubahan yang ada masalah air terus menjadi salah satu topik yang palingkompleks. Untuk menciptakan industri yang keberlanjutan, industri perlu melakukananalisis keseimbangan air untuk mengevaluasi bagaimana manajemen air yang telahditerapkan. Hasil analisis keseimbangan air dapat memberikan informasi yang sangatpenting bagi stakeholder atau berbagai pemangku kepentingan khususnya sektorindustri terutama didalam pengelolaan sumber daya air yang berkelanjutan sehinggaterhindar dari ancaman kekurangan pasokan air dimasa mendatang, selain itu dapatmenjadi suatu solusi yang efektif dan efisien dalam jangka waktu pendek, menengahdan panjang khususnya pada keberlanjutan bisnis atau industri.Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui nilai keseimbangan air di PT X.batasan dan cakupan dari kegiatan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisa air masuk (in)yaitu ketersediaan air dan dibandingkan dengan air keluar (out) yaitu air limbah yangdihasilkan, sehingga dapat diketahui jumlah air yang tidak teridentifikasi serta nilaikehilangan air fisik (physical water loss) berdasarkan pedoman pada GEMI (GlobalEnvironmental Management Initiative). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukanbahwa keseimbangan air (water balance) di PT X yaitu sebesar 26,38 % dimana nilaitersebut melebihi dari persentase yang dipersyaratkan yaitu sebesar 10% sehinggaperlu dilakukan investigasi lebih dalam.Kata kunci: Air Bersih, Manajemen Air, Keseimbangan Air, Kehilangan Air FisikABSTRACTThe industry's dependence on clean water is one of the obstacles faced today.The industry today is very different from five years ago. Through all the changesthat exist, the issue of water continues to be one of the most complex topics. To createa sustainable industry, the industry needs to conduct a water balance analysis toevaluate how water management has been implemented. The results of the waterbalance analysis can provide very important information for stakeholders or variousstakeholders, especially in the industrial sector, especially in the sustainablemanagement of water resources so as to avoid the threat of water supply shortagesin the future, besides that it can be an effective and efficient solution in the short,medium and long term, especially in business or industrial sustainability.The purpose of this study is to find out the value of water balance in PT X. Thelimitations and scope of this research activity are to analyze the water in (in), whichis the availability of water, and compared to the water out (out), which is thewastewater produced, so that the amount of water that is not identified and the valueof physical water loss can be known based on the guidelines in GEMI (GlobalEnvironment Management Initiative). Based on the results of the study, it shows thatthe water balance at PT X is 26.38 % where the value exceeds the requiredpercentage of 10%, so it is necessary to conduct a deeper investigation.Keywords: Clean Water, Water Management, Water Balance, Physical Water Loss

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK DAUN ALPUKAT DAN SUKRALOSA PADA SERBUK EFFERVESCENT EKSTRAK DAUN ALPUKAT

By tessa.rahmania@gmail.com

ABSTRAK  Minuman effervescent merupakan campuran komponen asam dan basayang bila ditambahkan dengan air akan menghasilkan buih dan dijadikan minumanfungsional dikarenakan adanya penambahan komponen zat aktif contohnyaantioksidan. Ekstrak daun alpukat mengandung antioksidan yang dapat menangkalradikal bebas dan memiki manfaat bagi tubuh akan tetapi memiliki rasa yang pahitdan berbau langu khas daun alpukat. Sukralosa merupakan pemanis buatan yangmemiliki kemanisan 600x dari sukrosa dan rendah kalori. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui penambahan konsentrasi ekstrak daun alpukat (11.7%, 21.7%,33.3%) dan sukralosa (0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%) terhadap kualitas serbuk effervescentekstrak daun alpukat. kualitas serbuk effervescent yang di uji meliputi kadar air, pH,tinggi buih, waktu larut, uji organoleptik cemaran mikroba, cemaran logam danaktivitas antioksidan. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan AcakLengkap (RAL) dua faktorial dengan tiga taraf dan dua ulangan. Teknik analisis datayang digunakan adalah Analisis Varian (ANOVA), jika terdapat perbedaan nyataantar perlakuan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Formulasi serbuk effervescent ekstrakdaun yang paling baik menurut uji organoleptik hedonik adalah formula denganformulasi penambahan ekstrak daun alpukat 11.7% dan sukralosa 0.5%. Formulaterbaik memiliki karakteristik sebagai berikut: nilai waktu rata-rata 0.28 menit, nilaitinggi buih granul 5.20 cm, nilai pH rata-rata 5,63, kadar air rata-rata 0,88, cemaranmikroorganisme ALT <10-1cfu/g, AKK <10-1cfu/g dan negative E. coli serta tidakada cemaran logam Pb, As dan Cd, nilai aktivitas antioksidan (IC50) yaitu 410.4, danberwarna kuning. berasa manis serta beraroma agak tidak langu.Kata kunci: antioksidan, ekstrak daun alpukat, serbuk effervescent, sukralosa  ABSTRAK An effervescent drink is a mix of acidic and basic components which when addedto water will produce foam and be used as a functional drink due to the addition of activecomponents such as antioxidants. Avocado leaf extract contains antioxidants can inhibit freeradicals and have pharmacological benefits but has a bitter taste and smells typical of avocadoleaves. Sucralose is an artificial sweetener that has 600 times the sweetness of sucrose andlow calories. The purpose of this study was to determine the addition of avocado leaf extractconcentrations (11.7%, 21.7%, 33.3%) and sucralose (0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%) on the quality ofavocado leaf extract effervescent powder. The quality of the effervescent powder testedincluded water content, pH, high foam, soluble time, organoleptic test, microbialcontamination, metal contamination and antioxidant activity. The research design used was atwo-factor completely randomized design (RAL) with three levels and two replications. Dataanalysis technique used is Variant Analysis (ANOVA), if there are significant differencesbetween treatments followed by Tukey's test. The best formulation of powder effervescentaccording to the hedonic organoleptic test is the formula with the addition of 11.7% avocadoleaf extract and 0.5% sucralose. The best formula has the following characteristics: dissolvetime is 0.28 minutes, granule foam height value is 5.20 cm, pH value is 5.63, water content is0.88%, microorganism contamination ALT <10-1cfu/g, AKK <10-1cfu/g and negative E. coliand no metal contamination of Pb, As and Cd, the value of antioxidant activity (IC 50) is 410,4,and the color is yellow, has sweet taste and quiet not unpleasant smell.Kata kunci: antioxidant, avocado leaves extract, effervescent powder, sucralose

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI SARI MARKISA UNGU DAN CARBOXY METHYL CELLULOSE (CMC) TERHADAP MUTU MINUMAN SARI TEMPE

By faridazyani@gmail.com

ABSTRAK Minuman sari tempe merupakan minuman fungsional yangterbuat dari bahan utama tempe, yang memiliki komposisi gizi yang baik untuktubuh. Minuman sari tempe memiliki kekurangan yaitu memiliki aroma langu khastempe dan tidak stabil selama penyimpanan, sehingga perlu dilakukan penambahansari markisa ungu yang dapat membantu mengurangi aroma langu khas tempe danpenambahan penstabil CMC untuk mengurangi adanya pengendapan danmempertahankan stabilitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruhpenambahan konsentrasi sari markisa ungu dan CMC terhadap mutu minuman saritempe. Ditinjau dari uji fisik meliputi total padatan terlarut dan stabilitas. Uji kimiameliputi pH, kadar protein, dan kadar lemak. Uji Organoleptik meliputi kesukaandan mutu. Uji penunjang meliputi aktivitas antioksidan, cemaran logam (Pb, Hg, As),Angka Lempeng Total (ALT), dan E.coli. Rancangan yang digunakan adalahRancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RAL Faktorial) dengan dua faktor yaitukonsentrasi sari markisa ungu (10%, 15%, dan 20%) dan CMC (0,10%, 0,15%,0,20%, dan 0,25%) dengan dua kali ulangan. Hasil analisis ANAVA berbeda nyata(p<0,05) terhadap nilai stabilitas, protein, lemak, kesukaan (warna, aroma, rasa dankekentalan), namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0,05) terhadap total padatan terlarut,pH, dan mutu (warna, aroma, rasa, dan kekentalan). Mutu terbaik dihasilkan padaminuman sari tempe dengan sari markisa ungu 20% dan CMC 0,15% dengan hasilakhir nilai total padatan terlarut 9,37°brix, stabilitas 76,00%, pH 4,02, protein 0,29%,dan lemak 0,51%. Kesukaan pada atribut warna 5,00 (suka), aroma 5,13 (suka), rasa5,00 (suka), dan kekentalan 4,87 (agak suka-suka), sedangkan mutu pada atributwarna 5,15 (kuning), aroma 5,00 (tidak langu), rasa 5,02 (asam), dan kekentalan 3,71(agak kental). Hasil uji penunjang minuman sari tempe dengan sari markisa ungu20% dan CMC 0,15% memiliki kandungan aktivitas antioksidan 50,68 ppm, cemaranlogam negatif atau tidak terdapat logam berat Pb, Hg, As pada produk, cemaranmikroba E.coli 0 MPN/mL dan angka lempeng total 0 koloni/mL.Kata Kunci: aroma langu, sari tempe, stabilitas ABSTRACT Tempeh juice drink is a functional drink made from the mainingredient tempeh, which has a good nutritional composition for the body. Tempehjuice drinks have the disadvantage of having a distinctive tempeh langu aroma andunstable during storage, so it is necessary to add purple passion fruit juice whichcan help reduce the distinctive langu aroma of tempeh and the addition of CMCstabilizers to reduce precipitation and maintain stability. This study aims todetermine the effect of increasing the concentration of purple passion fruit juice andCMC on the quality of tempeh juice drinks. Physical tests include total dissolvedsolids and stability. Chemical tests include pH, protein content, and fat content.Organoleptic tests include liking and quality. Supporting tests include antioxidantactivity, metal contamination (Pb, Hg, As), Total Plate Number (ALT), and E.coli.The design used was the Factorial Complete Randomized Design (RAL Factorial)with two factors, namely the concentration of purple passion fruit juice (10%, 15%,and 20%) and CMC (0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, and 0.25%) with two repeats. Theresults of ANAVA analysis differed markedly (p<0.05) on the value of stability,protein, fat, preference (color, aroma, taste and viscosity), but had no significanteffect (p>0.05) on total dissolved solids, pH, and quality (color, aroma, taste, andviscosity). The best quality is produced in tempeh juice drinks with 20% purplepassion fruit juice and 0.15% CMC with a final total dissolved solids value of9.37°brix, stability 76.00%, pH 4.02, protein 0.29%, and fat 0.51%. Favorability incolor attributes 5.00 (like), aroma 5.13 (like), taste 5.00 (like), and viscosity 4.87(somewhat like), while quality in color attributes 5.15 (yellow), aroma 5.00 (notlangu), taste 5.02 (sour), and viscosity 3.71 (slightly thick). The supporting testresults of tempeh juice drinks with purple passion fruit juice 20% and CMC 0.15%have antioxidant activity content of 50.68 ppm, negative metal contamination or noheavy metals Pb, Hg, As in the product, E.coli microbial contamination 0 MPN / mLand total plate number 0 colony / mL.Keywords: aroma langu, stability, tempeh essence

MUTU MINUMAN EFFERVESCENT DAUN PEGAGAN DENGAN KONSENTRASI MADU BUBUK YANG BERBEDA

By filipe.stevensp11@gmail.com

AbstractGotu kola leaves have a bitter taste so sweeteners need to be added so thatthe bitter taste in the gotu kola leaves can be completely covered in additionto powdered honey as a substitute for aspartame. So therefore this researchwas conducted to determine the effect of adding honey powder on thequality of the gotu kola leaf effervescent drink physically, chemically andsensoryly. There is only one variable, namely powdered honey with differentconcentrations (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%). The variables measured inthis study were physical tests (dissolving time), chemical tests (moisturecontent, ash content, pH value, antioxidant activity), sensory tests (color,aroma, luster, taste). The data analysis technique used analysis of variance(ANOVA) followed by Duncan's test with = 0.05 which shows a significantdifference. The results showed that the interaction between gotu kola leafeffervescent drink and honey powder had a significant effect at = 0.05 onthe dissolving time of each concentration and hedonic aroma. While theconcentration of powdered honey had no significant effect at = 0.05 onwater content, ash content, pH, antioxidant activity, hedonic quality tests(color, luster, taste) and hedonic quality. Powdered honey with aconcentration of 25% produces the best quality effervescent drink. Thistreatment has a solubility value of 21.84s, water content is 6.415%. ashcontent 0.2179%, antioxidant activity 0.7059, pH value 5.6%.Keywords: powdered honey, effervescent, gotu kola leaf, antioxidant,different concentration

IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA ANTIOKSIDAN JAHE MERAH DENGAN PENDEKATAN METABOLOMIK BERBASIS GCMS

By dimasray1211@gmail.com

Abstrak  Jahe merah mengandung komponen minyak menguap (volatile oil),minyak tak menguap (non volatile oil) dan pati. Senyawa aktif pada jahe merahterbukti memiliki kemampuan sebagai antioksidan. Metabolomik dapatdiaplikasikan untuk mempelajari korelasi antara bioaktivitas dan profil kimia darisenyawa jahe merah. Salah satu instrumen yang dapat digunakan pada metabolomikadalah gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS). GCMS dapat digunakanuntuk mengetahui profil minyak atsiri karena karakter minyak ini yang volatil.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui senyawa penciri yang memiliki aktivitasantioksidan pada jahe merah. Bubuk jahe merah diekstraksi dengan pelarut etanoldan difraksinasi dengan menggunakan pelarut polar (etil asetat dan air) dan pelarutnon polar (heksan dan kloroform). Hasil ekstrak dan fraksinasi tersebut kemudiandilakukan pengujian menggunakan GCMS untuk mengetahui profil senyawanyadan penentuan aktivitas antioksidan terhadap radikal 1,1-diphenyl2-picryl hidrazyl(DPPH) menggunakan alat spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukanekstrak etanol dan fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sangat kuatsedangkan fraksi non polar (kloroform dan heksan) memiliki aktivitas antioksidankuat. Selain itu tingginya kandungan zingerone, [6]-Isoshogaol, [6]-Shogaol danE-Citral dalam jahe merah berbanding lurus dengan potensi antioksidan ekstrakjahe merah.Kata kunci : Antioksidan, jahe merah, metabolomik, GCMS, IC50 Abstract  Red ginger contains essential oil components, non-volatile oils andstarch. The active compound in red ginger has been shown to have the ability as anantioxidant. Metabolomics can be applied to study the correlation betweenbioactivity and chemical profile of red ginger compounds. One of the instrumentsthat can be used in metabolomics is GCMS. GCMS can be used to determineessential oil profiles because of the volatile nature of essential oils. This study wasconducted to determine the characteristic compounds that have antioxidant activityin red ginger. Red ginger powder was extracted with ethanol solvent andfractionated using polar solvents (ethyl acetate and water) and non-polar solvents(hexane and chloroform). The extract and fractionation results were then testedusing GCMS to determine the compound profile and perform antioxidant activityagainst DPPH radicals using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed thatethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction had very strong antioxidant activity whilethe non-polar fractions (chloroform and hexane) had strong antioxidant activity. Inaddition to the high content of zingerone, [6] -Isoshogaol, [6] -Shogaol and E-Citralin red ginger is directly proportional to the antioxidant potential of red gingerextract.Keywords : Antioxidant, red ginger, metabolomics, GCMS, IC50

HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN INFORMASI DAN PEMBERIAN APRESIASI AYAH ASI TERHADAP EFIKASI DIRI IBU DALAM PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN STATUS GIZI ANAK

By maryam.lepsi@gmail.com

ABSTRAK Efikasi diri menyusui pada ibu adalah keyakinan terhadap kemampuanibu memberikan ASI kepada anaknya. Efikasi diri ibu yang tinggi meningkatkanefektifitas menyusui dan frekuensi pemberian ASI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenganalisis hubungan dukungan informasi dan pemberian apresiasi Ayah ASIterhadap efikasi diri ibu dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif dan status gizi anak. Desainpenelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional study dengan subjek penelitian dipilihsecara purposive sampling yaitu berjumlah 30 pasang suami istri yang suaminyatergabung dalam komunitas AyahASI dan memiliki anak berusia 7-60 bulan yangberhasil diberikan ASI eksklusif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret hinggaJuni 2024. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara online melalui zoom meeting denganmenggunakan kuesioner Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form dan PartnerBreastfeeding Intention Scale. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubunganantara dukungan informasi (p-value=0,417) dan pemberian apresiasi (p-value=1,000)dengan efikasi diri ibu dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif serta tidak terdapat hubunganantara efikasi diri ibu dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan frekuensi menyusui (p-value=1,000), indeks pertumbuhan BB/U (p-value=0,146), BB/PB atau BB/TB (p-value=0,856), dan IMT/U (p-value=0,588). Terdapat hubungan antara efikasi diri ibudalam pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan durasi menyusui (p-value =0,039; OR=10,11;95%CI=1,05-97,00) dan indeks pertumbuhan PB/U atau TB/U (p-value=0,042;r=0,374). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah dukungan apresiasi pada kategoribaik lebih banyak diberikan dibandingkan dukungan informasi serta terdapatnyahubungan antara efikasi diri ibu dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan ketepatandurasi menyusui dan indeks pertumbuhan PB/U atau TB/U pada anak 7-60 bulan. Kata Kunci: ASI eksklusif, Dukungan informasi, Efikasi diri, Pemberian apresiasi,Status gizi  ABSTRACT Breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers is confidence in the mother'sability to provide breast milk to her child. High maternal self-efficacy increases theeffectiveness of breastfeeding and the frequency of breastfeeding. This study aims toanalyze the relationship between information support and appreciation of "Ayah ASI"on mothers' self-efficacy in providing exclusive breastfeeding and children'snutritional status. This research design used a cross sectional study with researchsubjects selected using purposive sampling, totaling 30 husband and wife pairs whosehusbands were members of the "Ayah ASI" community and had children aged 7-60months who were successfully given exclusive breast milk. This research wasconducted from March to June 2024. Data collection was carried out online via zoommeeting using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form and PartnerBreastfeeding Intention Scale questionnaires. The results of the study showed thatthere was no relationship between information support (p-value=0,417) andappreciation (p-value=1.000) with the mother's self-efficacy in giving exclusivebreastfeeding and there was no relationship between the mother's self-efficacy ingiving exclusive breastfeeding and the frequency of breastfeeding (p-value=1.000),growth index WAZ (p-value=0.146), WHZ (p-value=0.856), and BAZ (p-value=0.588). There is a relationship between maternal self-efficacy in exclusivebreastfeeding with duration of breastfeeding (p-value=0,039; OR=10,11;95%CI=1,05-97,00) and growth index HAZ (p-value=0,042; r=0,374). Theconclusion of this study is that appreciation support in the good category is given morethan information support and there is a relationship between maternal self-efficacy inproviding exclusive breastfeeding with the appropriate duration of breastfeeding andthe HAZ growth index in children aged 7-60 months.Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, Information support, Self-efficacy, Appreciation,Nutritional status

UJI EFEKTIVITAS KITIN CANGKANG KERANG HIJAU (PERNA VIRIDIS) UNTUK BAHAN DASAR BIOKOAGULAN TERHADAP UJI KUALITAS AIR TANAH TERCEMAR YANG BERASAL DARI SUMUR POMPA

By trisnaismaputry@gmail.com

ABSTRAKAktivitas pengambilan daging kerang hijau oleh industri pengolahan kerang hijaumenghasilkan cangkang kerang hijau yang jumlahnya mencapai sekitar 30-40%dari total berat kerang hijau. Limbah cangkang kerang hijau mengandung berbagaisenyawa kimia, diantaranya protein 21,9%, mineral (CaCO3) 7,88% dan Kitin 14-35%. Kitin dapat diproses lebih lanjut untuk menghasilkan kitosan yang memilikimanfaat di berbagai bidang, salah satunya sebagai biokoagulan. Tujuan daripenelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi kitin dari cangkang kerang hijaumelalui uji karakteristik pH, Kadar Air, Kadar Abu dan Derajat Deasetilasi sertakemampuannya sebagai biokoagulan dengan menentukan dosis optimummenggunakan cara koagulasi-flokulasi (jar test). Percobaan ini menggunakanserbuk cangkang kerang hijau sebagai biokoagulan dengan sampel air tanah yangdiduga tercemar kesadahan yang berasal dari Perumahan Kavling Kabelmas BekasiUtara. Hasil yang diperoleh dari uji karakteristik biokoagulan yaitu pH 7,11; kadarair 0,49%; kadar abu 0,52%; dan derajat deasetilasi 98,26%. Sedangkan hasil yangdiperoleh dari Uji Signifikasi ANOVA Dua Arah untuk pengujian pH, Kekeruhan,dan Kandungan Organik dinyatakan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Artinya adaperbedaan signifikan pada variasi waktu pengendapan. Sedangkan untuk pengujianKesadahan Total dinyatakan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, maka adaperbedaan signifkan pada variasi waktu pengendapan dan variasi konsentrasibiokoagulan yang ditambahkan ke dalam sampel.Kata Kunci: Kerang Hijau, Kitin, Biokoagulan, Koagulasi-FlokulasiABSTRACTThe activity of taking green mussel meat by the green mussel processing industryproduces green mussel shells which amount to about 30-40% of the total weight ofgreen mussels. Green clam shell waste contains various chemical compounds,including protein 21,9%, minerals (CaCO3) 7.88% and Chitin 14-35%. Chitin canbe further processed to produce chitosan which has benefits in various fields, oneof which is as a biocoagulant. The purpose of this study was to determine thepotential of chitin from green clam shells through testing the characteristics of pH,Water Content, Ash Content and Deacetylation Degree as well as its ability as abiocoagulant by determining the optimum dose using coagulation-flocculation (jartest). This experiment used green clam shell powder as a biocoagulant with pollutedgroundwater samples suspected of being contaminated with hardness from theNorth Bekasi Kabelmas Plot Housing. The results obtained from the biocoagulantcharacteristic test are pH 7,11; moisture content 0,49%; ash content 0,52%; and adegree of deacetylation of 98,26%. Meanwhile, the results obtained from the TwoWay ANOVA Significance Test for testing pH, Turbidity, and Organic Contentstated that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. This means that there is asignificant difference in the variation of deposition time. Whereas for the TotalHardness test it was stated that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted, so there wasa significant difference in the variation of settling time and the variation in theconcentration of the biocoagulant added to the sample.Keywords: Green mussel, Chitin, Biocoagulant, Koagulasi-Flocculation

MENURUNKAN JUMLAH LIMBAH Pb FOIL DENGAN CARA RECYCLE LIMBAH Pb FOIL PADA METODE FIRE ASSAY DI LABORATORIUM PT. ANTAM Tbk. UBPP LOGAM MULIA

By sukmajaya421@gmail.com

ABSTRAKBelum adanya cara pemanfaatan limbah Pb Foil mengakibatkan penumpukanlimbah Pb Foil di laboratorium LM sebanyak 21,7 kg pada tahun 2021 sertamengacu pada PerMen LHK NOMOR P.12/MENLHK/SETJEN/PLB.3/5/2020Tentang Penyimpanan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya Dan Beracun serta datapenggunaan bahan kimia di Laboratorium LM maka perlu adanya pengolahanlimbah Pb Foil di Laboratorium LM dengan tujuan tidak adanya limbah Pb Foilyang menumpuk melebihi 365 hari. Penelitian dengan judul “Menurunkan JumlahLimbah Pb Foil Dengan Cara Recycle Limbah Pb Foil Pada Metode Fire Assay DiLaboratorium PT.Antam Tbk. UBPP Logam Mulia”, memiliki rumusan masalahbagaimana fungsi Pb Foil pada proses analisis metode Fire Assay di LM,bagaimana proses recycle limbah Pb Foil dan berapa besar Pb Foil hasil recycledapat digunakan kembali untuk analisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodepenelitian experimental dengan melakukan investigasi dari suatu masalahkemudian membuat desain untuk pemecahan masalah dan meminimalisir ataumenghilangkan penyebab masalah (kejadian). Setelah melakukan beberapapercobaan didapatkan hasil diantaranya (1) Pb Foil merupakan timbal yangberbentuk lembaran yang didalamnya terkandung logam Pb sebesar 99,95%. (2)Dalam proses recycle ada beberapa standar yang dijadikan acuan diantaranya :berat setiap peleburan Pb Foil maksimal 600 ± 10 gram, waktu peleburan 30 detik,ketebalan Pb kurang dari 10 mm, kandungan Pb dalam Pb Foil recycle diatas 90 %dan tidak ada kandungan emas dan perak didalamnya (3) Kemampuan prosesrecycle Pb foil adalah 95,19%. Dari 21,7 kg Pb Foil yang tidak digunakan dapat direcycle sebanyak 20,66 kg dan sisa 1,04 kg akan dilebur kembali pada prosesrecycle berikutnya.Kata Kunci : Pb Foil, Recycle, Experimental, Fire Assay.ABSTRACTThe absence of a way to utilize Pb Foil waste has resulted in the accumulation ofPb Foil waste in the LM laboratory as much as 21.7 kg in 2021 and refers to thePerMen LHK NOMOR P.12/MENLHK/SETJEN/PLB.3/5/2020 concerning StorageHazardous and Toxic Waste and data on the use of chemicals in the LM Laboratory.it is necessary to treat Pb Foil waste at the LM Laboratory with the aim of nothaving Pb Foil waste that accumulates for more than 365 days. The researchentitled "Reducing the Amount of Pb Foil Waste By Recycling Pb Foil Waste InFire Assay Method At PT.Antam Tbk. UBPP Logam Mulia Laboratory”, has aproblem formulation of how the Pb Foil function in the Fire Assay method analysisprocess in LM, how to recycle Pb Foil waste and how much Pb Foil can be reusedfor analysis. This study uses experimental research methods with investigating aproblem then making a design for solving the problem and minimizing oreliminating the cause of the problem (event). After conducting several experiments,the results obtained include (1) Pb Foil is a sheet-shaped lead which contains99,95% Pb metal. (2) In the recycling process, several standards are used asreferences including: the maximum weight of each melting of Pb Foil is 600 ± 10grams, smelting time is 30 seconds, Pb thickness is less than 10 mm, Pb content inPb Foil recycle is above 90% and there is no content. gold and silver in it (3) Theability to recycle Pb foil is 95.19%. Of the 21.7 kg of unused Pb Foil, 20.66 kg canbe recycled and the remaining 1.04 kg will be melted down in the next recyclingprocess.Keywords: Pb Foil, Recycle, Experimental, Fire Assay.

KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN MEKANIK BATA PLASTIK KOMPOSIT DARI LIMBAH MULTILAYER PACKAGING DAN FLY ASH

By alifiananursusanti28@gmail.com

ABSTRAK Berdasarkan data Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Sampah Nasional (SIPSN)Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK), volume timbulansampah di Indonesia pada tahun 2022 mencapai 36,22 juta ton. Sampah plastikmenempati posisi kedua setelah sampah organik dari sumber timbulan sampahdengan proporsi jumlah sampah plastik di Indonesia sebesar 18,1% atau sekitar6,55 juta ton sampah plastik. Tujuan penelitian ini, agar mengetahui jenis mutubata plastik komposit yang dihasilkan dan dapat menjadi produk yang ramahlingkungan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental skala laboratoriumdengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif, analisis data menggunakanRancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Terkecil / LeastSignificant Difference (LSD). Presentase komposisi rasio fly ash terhadap limbahmultilayer packaging yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bata plastikkomposit 1 (0%), bata plastik komposit 2 (10%), bata plastik komposit 3 (20%),bata plastik komposit 4 (30%), bata plastik komposit 5 (40%) dan bata plastikkomposit 6 (50%). Pengujian densitas, kekerasan, kuat tekan dan daya serap airdilakukan setelah umur 24 jam. Hasil pengujian bata plastik komposit tertinggipada variasi fly ash 50% berat nilai densitas tertinggi bata plastik komposit sebesar1,5109 g/cm3 . Hasil pengujian kekerasan tertinggi bata plastik komposit 6 (50%)sebesar 61,4. Hasil penelitian pengujian kuat tekan didapat nilai rata-rata tertinggipada variasi bata plastik komposit 6 (50%) sebesar 22,8430 MPa. Hasil pengujiandaya serap air didapat nilai rata-rata terbaik pada variasi bata plastik komposit 6(50%) sebesar 0,15%. Hasil Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) densitas,kekerasan, kuat tekan dan daya serap air (F Hitung > F Tabel) sehinggaperlakuan berpengaruh signifikan dan hasil uji Beda Nyata Terkecil / LeastSignificant Difference (LSD) densitas, kekerasan, kuat tekan dan daya serap airdiperoleh hasil optimal pada interaksi komposisi bata plastik komposit MLP50%, FA 50%. Kata Kunci: Bata Plastik Komposit, Kuat Tekan, Densitas, Fly Ash, kekerasan,Limbah Multilayer Packaging, Daya Serap Air. ABSTRACT Based on data from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry's National WasteManagement Information System (SIPSN), the volume of waste generated inIndonesia in 2022 will reach 36,22 million tons. Plastic waste occupies the secondposition after organic waste from sources of waste generation with a proportion oftotal plastic waste in Indonesia of 18,1% or around 6,55 million tons of plasticwaste. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of quality of thecomposite bricks produced and it can also be an environmentally friendly product.This type of research is an experimental laboratory scale using quantitativedescriptive methods, data analysis using Rancangan Acak Lengkap or CompletelyRandomized Design (RAL) and further testing Least Significant Difference (LSD).The percentage composition used in this research is composite plastic bricks 1(0%), composite plastic bricks 2 (10%), composite plastic bricks 3 (20%),composite plastic bricks 4 (30%), composite plastic bricks 5 (40%), and compositeplastic bricks 6 (50%). Tests for density, hardness, compressive strength and waterabsorption were carried out after 24 hour of age. The highest average value in thevariation of composite plastic bricks (50%). The results of the research on density1,5109 g/cm3 composite plastic bricks 50%. The results of the research on hardness6,14. The results of the research on compressive strength testing obtained thehighest average value in the variation of composite plastic bricks (50%) of 22,8430MPa. The results of the water absorption test obtained the best average value onthe variation of composite plastic bricks (50%) of 0,15%. The results of theCompletely Randomized Design (RAL) for hardness, density, compressive strengthand water absorption (F Count > F Table) so that the treatment had a significanteffect and the results of the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test for density,hardness, compressive strength and water absorption obtained optimal results onthe interaction of composite bricks MLP 50%, FA 50%.Key Words: Composite Plastic Bricks, Compressive Strength, Density, Fly Ash, Multilayer Packaging Waste, Water Absorption.